What is the right CNC plasma cutter cutting speed?
Choosing the right cutting speed is one of the most important factors in achieving clean, accurate, and consistent results with a CNC plasma cutter. Cutting too fast or too slow can affect edge quality, dross levels, bevel angles, and overall productivity. Understanding how cutting speed interacts with material type, thickness, amperage, and gas selection helps operators achieve the best possible performance from their plasma system.
Plasma cutting speed is determined by a combination of material thickness, plasma amperage, torch height, and gas flow. Manufacturers like Hypertherm provide detailed cut charts that specify optimal speeds for each material and amperage combination. These recommended values ensure the plasma arc fully penetrates the metal, maintains a stable kerf width, and produces a smooth, consistent edge.
If the torch travels too fast, the arc may not fully cut through the material, leaving uncut edges, angled bevels, or sparks trailing behind the cut. Excessive speed also increases top-edge rounding and forces the arc to lag, which can distort the intended path.
If the torch moves too slowly, heat builds up around the cut, causing excessive dross on the underside, a wider kerf, and potential warping. Slow speeds also reduce consumable life and can cause divots at corners where the machine decelerates.
Modern CNC systems, including CR PLASMA’s in-house developed controller, use precise motion control and automatic torch height regulation to maintain ideal conditions throughout the cut. Combined with Hypertherm XPR technology and TRUE HOLE® capability, these systems maximise edge quality and reduce rework by accurately following cut chart settings.
Follow Manufacturer Cut Charts: Always use the recommended speed for the material and amperage.
Too Fast: Incomplete cuts, arc lag, excessive bevel, and inconsistent edge finish.
Too Slow: Heavy dross, heat buildup, wider kerf, and reduced consumable life.
Material Thickness Matters: A thicker plate requires slower speeds; a thinner material allows faster movement.
Stable Torch Height: Essential for maintaining arc focus and consistent penetration.
Advanced Motion Control: CR PLASMA systems ensure accurate speeds for optimal cut quality.
Gas Choice: Oxygen, nitrogen, or mixed gases influence arc stability and recommended speeds.
The right CNC plasma cutting speed is the one that matches the material, amperage, and cut chart guidelines to deliver clean, accurate, and consistent results.
Finding the right CNC plasma cutting speed can be the difference between clean edges and costly rework. I just published a quick guide that breaks down key factors such as material thickness, amperage, torch height, and gas choice. If you work with CNC plasma systems, this one will save you time and consumables.
